Résumés
Abstract
Language proficiency testing has long played a role as both facilitator and barrier in global migration. This paper outlines how Canada and other traditional migrant destination countries use English-language proficiency testing for immigration, asylum and resettlement, and citizenship. It identifies commonalities between these three related areas of migration and the covert values that are often embedded in the required test scores. It identifies different approaches for conducting research under the umbrella of Shohamy’s (2001) Critical Language Testing and concludes with language testing research and advocacy suggestions specific to the Canadian context.
Keywords:
- language proficiency testing,
- high-stakes testing,
- migration,
- language policy,
- critical language testing
Résumé
Les tests de compétences linguistiques ont depuis longtemps joué un double rôle au sein de la migration mondiale en étant à la fois un facteur facilitant et un obstacle. Cet article examine comment le Canada et d’autres pays traditionnels d’accueil migratoire emploient les tests de compétences linguistiques en anglais dans les processus d’immigration, les demandes d’asile et de relocalisation, ainsi que les demandes de citoyenneté. Il identifie les points communs entre ces trois domaines connexes de la migration et les valeurs cachées qui sont souvent intégrées dans les résultats des tests exigés. L’article détermine différentes approches pour mener des recherches sous l’égide de l’ouvrage Critical Language Testing de Shohamy (2001) et se conclut avec des suggestions de recherche et de défense des droits en matière de tests linguistiques spécifiques au contexte canadien.
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