Résumés
Résumé
Les mutations à effet maternel affectent les gènes qui codent pour des facteurs maternels (transcrits, protéines) normalement stockés dans l’ovocyte et utilisés par l’embryon après la fécondation. Alors que les femelles porteuses de ces mutations sont viables et d’apparence normale, le développement ou même la survie de leur descendance est compromis. Connues jusqu’ici chez les organismes inférieurs tels que la drosophile ou le poisson zèbre, les mutations à effet maternel (Dnmt, Hsf1 et Mater) ont été découvertes plus récemment chez les mammifères. Ces nouvelles données ouvrent la perspective d’une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes du développement embryonnaire qui sont directement sous le contrôle de l’ovocyte.
Summary
Genes affected by maternal effect mutations encode maternal factors (transcripts, proteins) which are normally stored in oocytes and used by the embryos after fertilization. Although females bearing this type of mutation are viable and appear to be normal, embryonic development and survival of their offspring are compromised. Although maternal effect mutations are well known in lower organisms, such as drosophila or zebrafish, several examples have been only quite recently reported in mammals (Dnmt, Hsf1 and Mater). These studies provide new insights on the aspects of embryonic development directly controlled by maternal factors brought by the oocytes.
Parties annexes
Références
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