Résumés
Abstract
This article explores human-fish relations as an under-theorized “active site of engagement” in northern Canada. It examines two case studies that demonstrate how the Inuvialuit of Paulatuuq employ “fish pluralities” (multiple ways of knowing and defining fish) to negotiate the complex and dynamic pressures faced by humans, animals, and the environment in contemporary Arctic Canada. I argue that it is instructive for all Canadians to understand the central role of humans and animals, together, as active agents in political and colonial processes in northern Canada. By examining human-fish relationships, as they have unfolded in Paulatuuq over the last 50 years, we may develop a more nuanced understanding of the dynamic strategies that northern Indigenous people, including the Paulatuuqmiut (people from Paulatuuq), use to navigate shifting environmental, political, legal, social, cultural, and economic realities in Canada’s North. This article thus places fish and people, together, as central actors in the political landscape of northern Canada. I also hypothesize a relational framework for Indigenous-State reconciliation discourses in Canada today. This framework expands southern political and philosophical horizons beyond the human and toward a broader societal acknowledgement of complex and dynamic relationships between people, fish, and the land in Paulatuuq.
Résumé
Cet article explore les relations humains-poissons comme un «site actif d’engagement» ayant été peu théorisé dans le Nord canadien. À travers deux études de cas, cet article cherche à montrer que les Inuvialuit de Palatuuq mettent en jeu la «pluralité des poissons» (les multiples manières de les connaître et de les définir) pour négocier les pressions qu’eux-mêmes, les animaux et l’environnement subissent dans l’Arctique canadien contemporain. Je soutiens qu’il est pertinent et instructif pour tous les Canadiens de comprendre le rôle central que les humains et les animaux jouent ensemble comme agents des processus coloniaux et politiques dans le nord du Canada. Examiner les relations que les humains entretiennent avec les poissons depuis plus de 50 ans à Paulatuuq nous permet de comprendre de façon plus nuancée les stratégies dynamiques qu’utilisent les Autochtones du Nord, dont les Paulatuuqmiut (les habitants de Palatuuq), pour naviguer dans les réalités environnementales, politiques, juridiques, sociales, culturelles et économiques de leur territoire. Cet article considère donc que les poissons et les gens sont, ensemble, des acteurs centraux du paysage politique du Nord canadien. J’émets aussi l’hypothèse qu’il existe un cadre relationnel de réconciliation, au niveau du discours, entre les Autochtones et l’État. Ce cadre élargit les horizons politiques et philosophiques du Sud au-delà de l’humain, vers une reconnaissance sociale plus large des relations complexes et dynamiques entre les personnes, les poissons et le territoire à Paulatuuq.
Parties annexes
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