Abstracts
Résumé
La responsabilité sociale des entreprises (RSE) est une notion très en vogue et suscite de nombreux débats tant chez les académiciens que les praticiens. Toutefois, le vocabulaire généralement associé à la RSE - valeurs, éthique, développement durable, etc. - indique une absence flagrante quant au sens et la portée de la RSE. Ainsi, il apparait à notre sens pertinent de s’interroger sur l’histoire de la RSE afin d’en cerner les fondements en stratégie et d’appréhender certains facteurs explicatifs des débats contemporains autour de la RSE. C’est dans cet esprit que cette étude, en proposant d’analyser les classiques en stratégies et d’en présenter les grandes lignes en matière de RSE, s’inscrit dans une démarche visant à cerner la construction de la notion de RSE et à reconstituer une partie de sa généalogie. Notre étude suggère trois conclusions principales. Premièrement, la notion de parties prenantes et celle de responsabilité sociale sont imbriquées et présentées comme complémentaires par la littérature de base en stratégie. Deuxièmement, la responsabilité sociale des entreprises et la réalisation de profits ne sont à priori pas antinomiques ; alors que les profits représentent une nécessité de survie, la responsabilité sociale évoque quant à elle une responsabilité morale des institutions. Troisièmement, les valeurs des dirigeants influenceront généralement les pratiques des entreprises en termes de degré de responsabilité sociale.
Mots-clés :
- responsabilité sociale des entreprises,
- valeurs,
- dirigeants,
- parties prenantes,
- stratégie
Abstract
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a fast-growing concern and subject of much debate among both academics and practitioners. However, the vocabulary usually associated with CSR - values, ethics, sustainable development - illustrates a manifest lack of the meaning and scope of CSR. Thus, it appears relevant to analyze the historical development of CSR within the classic management and strategy literature to better understand the fundamentals of today’s debates around CSR. In regards to this research orientation, we analyze the classic literature in management and strategy and identify the historical construction and genealogy of CSR. Our study suggests three main findings. First, the concept of stakeholders and the social responsibility are interwoven and presented as complementary with the basic literature in strategy. Secondly, CSR and profits are not mutually exclusive in principle ; while profits represent a survival necessity, social responsibility relates to institutions moral responsibilities. Third, leaders’ values generally affect business practices in terms of CSR performance.
Keywords:
- corporate social responsibility,
- values,
- managers,
- stakeholders,
- strategy
Appendices
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