Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article vise à exposer les différentes facettes liées à l’usage de l’humour en thérapie. Nous espérons ainsi favoriser l’émergence d’une démarche réflexive qui guidera le clinicien dans l’utilisation créative de ses propres interventions humoristiques. Un survol historique du sujet ainsi qu’une définition pratique de l’humour thérapeutique seront présentés. Puis, les principales théories sur l’humour seront révisées. Nous énoncerons également les mécanismes d’action qui pourraient expliquer l’efficacité de l’humour dans le cadre d’une thérapie. Les bénéfices et les écueils potentiels de l’usage de l’humour thérapeutique seront ensuite explorés. Nous tenterons aussi de déterminer les principaux facteurs influençant la réceptivité du patient à l’humour, en plus de proposer une typologie fonctionnelle de l’humour. Enfin, nous décrirons quelques formes d’humour souvent utilisées en thérapie, avec quelques vignettes cliniques à l’appui.
Mots-clés :
- humour,
- psychothérapie,
- intervention humoristique,
- rire
Abstract
The goal of this article is to expose different aspects of the use of humor in therapy. We hope that it will stimulate reflection and guide the clinician toward appropriate use of humorous interventions. Historical highlights of the topic will be presented. Then a practical definition of therapeutic humor and the main theories about humor will be reviewed. We will also discuss the probable mechanisms of action explaining the efficacy of humor in psychotherapy, as well as potential risks and benefits of its use. We will try to determine different factors influencing the patient’s receptivity to humor. Subsequently, a classification of humor will be proposed, followed by a description of selected types of humor often used in therapy, with clinical cases as examples.
Keywords:
- humor,
- psychotherapy,
- humorous intervention,
- laugh
Appendices
Bibliographie
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