Abstracts
Abstract
This paper focuses on children’s picture books featuring same-sex couples in Anglophone and Francophone cultures, and more particularly in France and in the United States, with a particular interest in the censorship of these works. Censoring a book is common in the United States. This essay is a reflexion on the publication and reception of Francophone picture books on the topic – originals and translations. In this perspective, it also considers the question of the circulation of these books between the two cultures, as well as towards the two cultures respectively, Francophone picture books tending to be bolder in content than their Anglophone counterparts. Some references used to explain reception are gathered thanks to primary sources, in particular personal communications; others come from secondary sources, such as academic publications, blogs, and newspaper articles. This paper also explores the different forms of censorship, including the translation of a work from another culture or the alterations to the illustrations of an original work in an adaptation. The contrastive approach adopted reveals that, despite the growing number of picture books featuring same-sex couples, censorship is not only an American reality but a French reality as well.
Keywords:
- translation,
- adaptation,
- picture-books,
- same-sex relationship,
- censorship
Résumé
Cet article s’intéresse aux albums jeunesses représentant des couples homosexuels dans les cultures anglophone et francophones, et plus particulièrement en France et aux États-Unis, dans l’optique de la censure de ce type d’ouvrages. Celle-ci est chose commune aux États-Unis. Il s’agit de réfléchir à la publication et à la réception des albums francophones sur le sujet, originaux et traductions. Dans cette optique, il s’agit également de considérer la question de la circulation de ce type d’albums entre les deux cultures et vers chaque culture respectivement, les albums francophones tendant à être plus ouverts en termes de contenu que les albums anglophones. Les références sur la réception de ces ouvrages sont collectées par le biais de sources primaires, en particulier des échanges personnels ; d’autres références sont issues de sources secondaires, telles que des publications universitaires, des blogues et des articles de presse. Cette analyse explore aussi les différentes formes que peut prendre la censure, dont l’accueil d’une oeuvre d’une autre culture par le biais de la traduction, ou la modification des illustrations d’une oeuvre adaptée d’une autre culture. L’approche contrastive adoptée révèle que, malgré le nombre croissant d’albums représentant des couples homosexuels publiés, la censure frappe ces albums en France, comme aux États-Unis.
Mots-clés :
- traduction,
- adaptation,
- albums,
- relation homosexuelle,
- censure
Resumen
Este trabajo se enfoca en los libros de cuentos ilustrados con parejas del mismo sexo y su censura en culturas anglófonas y francófonas, particularmente en Francia y los Estados Unidos. Este ensayo refleja la publicación y recepción de los libros de cuentos ilustrados francófonos con este tema, originales y sus traducciones. Desde esta perspectiva también se considera la cuestión de la circulación de estos libros entre las dos culturas a la vez. Los libros francófonos son más audaces en cuanto al contenido que los libros anglófonos. Se recupera referencias que explican la recepción gracias a recursos primarios, en particular las comunicaciones personales; otros vienen de recursos secundarios, tal como las publicaciones académicas, los blogs y los artículos de periódicos. Este artículo también explora los diferentes tipos de la censura que incluye la traducciones del trabajo de otra cultura o las alteraciones a la las ilustraciones de un trabajo original en adaptación. Aunque la censura es más común en Estados Unidos, una aproximación de contrastes revela que a pesar del aumento de estos libros de cuentos ilustrados que presentan parejas del mismo sexo, la censura no es solamente una realidad americana sino una francesa también.
Palabras clave:
- traducción,
- adaptación,
- libro de cuentos ilustrado,
- relación homosexual,
- censura
Appendices
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