Abstracts
Abstract
The article addresses the problem of constraints typical of opera surtitling, an audiovisual translation modality that seems rather neglected as far as the academic discourse is concerned. Although the term constraint may appear to have mainly negative connotations, it seems that the idea of a constraint may often prove helpful, since it may facilitate the process of translation by restricting the scope of possibilities and hence justify the chosen techniques. The article is meant to propose a classification of potential constraints on the surtitling process, including the constraint of a live performance, music, audience design or relevance, and the resulting implications for the whole process. It is argued that the awareness of the constraints operating in the process of drafting surtitles helps to understand the rationale behind this particular translation activity and consequently helps to draft good quality surtitles which serve their original purpose.
Keywords:
- opera,
- surtitling,
- constraint,
- translation,
- audiovisual
Résumé
Nous abordons ici la question des contraintes liées au processus de traduction, notamment pendant l’étape de la préparation du surtitrage des opéras, une méthode de traduction audiovisuelle qui semble susciter peu d’intérêt universitaire. Bien que le mot contrainte ait une connotation négative, la contrainte peut souvent se révéler utile car elle restreint le champ des possibilités et entraîne le choix de techniques et de stratégies. Nous présentons dans cet article une classification des contraintes liées au processus de surtitrage, y compris celles résultant de la performance musicale, du type de public et de la pertinence, ainsi que les conséquences de ces contraintes sur l’ensemble du processus de traduction. En conclusion, nous notons que prendre conscience des contraintes liées au surtitrage des opéras aide à comprendre la logique de ce type de traduction et permet ainsi d’élaborer des surtitres de qualité.
Mots-clés :
- opéra,
- surtitrage,
- contrainte,
- traduction,
- audiovisuelle
Resumen
El artículo toca asuntos relacionados con entender limitaciones en el proceso de traducción (translational constraints) que surgen en el caso de preparar sobretitulaciones de ópera (del inglés:opera surtitling), que son considerados una de las modalidades (modality) de traducción audiovisual. A pesar de que la palabra “limitación” conlleva sobre todo matices negativas, parece que las mismas limitaciones que acompañan la traducción pueden frecuentemente resultar útiles, porque de manera explícita limitan las posibilidades de traducción al mismo tiempo que indican técnicas o estrategias correctas. En el artículo se presenta una clasificación de limitaciones que pueden surgir en el momento de preparar sobretitulaciones de ópera, entre otras, limitaciones que resultan de la actuación, de la música, del perfil de auditorio, de la pertinencia. Se argumenta que el conocimiento de las limitaciones que surgen en el proceso de preparar sobretitulaciones de ópera ayuda a entender la esencia de este método de traducción y, por consiguiente, permite preparar sobretítulos de calidad que cumplen su función básica.
Palabras clave:
- ópera,
- sobretítulo,
- restringido,
- traducción,
- audiovisual
Appendices
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