Abstracts
Abstract
This article aims at the characterization of specific features of translated texts. Taking a classroom experience as its starting point, the use of anglicisms in original and translated computing texts in Italian is examined. The corpus used for this purpose has three components: originals in Italian, comparable translations into Italian, and their English source texts. The frequency of three sets of English words – overt lexical borrowings, adapted borrowings and semantic loans, and morphosyntactic calques (plurals ending in –s) – is compared across the monolingual comparable subcorpus components. The parallel subcorpus is then checked to disprove the null hypothesis according to which observed differences are unrelated to the translation process. The results of the quantitative analysis, followed by careful qualitative observations, confirms that translators are more conservative in their choices and normalize more than writers, who seem to be more prone to interference from English as the lingua franca of the IT discourse community. Implications at the methodological, descriptive/theoretical and applied levels are discussed.
Keywords:
- translation universals,
- normalization,
- interference,
- technical translation,
- anglicisms
Résumé
Le présent article a pour objet la caractérisation de traits spécifiques de textes traduits : nous appuyant sur une expérience didactique, nous avons étudié l’emploi d’anglicismes dans des textes traduits ou non, dans le domaine de l’informatique. Le corpus utilisé à cette fin est composé de trois parties : des textes rédigés directement en italien, des textes sources rédigés en anglais, ainsi que les traductions de ces derniers. Les textes sources et cibles forment un corpus parallèle, tandis que les deux sous-corpus en italien forment un corpus comparable. Dans celui-ci, la fréquence de trois catégories de mots anglais a été comparée : emprunts directs, emprunts adaptés sur les plans morphologique et sémantique, et calques syntaxiques (pluriels terminant en –s). Le sous-corpus parallèle a ensuite été consulté pour réfuter l’hypothèse nulle selon laquelle les différences observées ne relèvent pas du processus de traduction. Les résultats de l’analyse quantitative, complétée par de scrupuleuses observations qualitatives, révèlent que les traducteurs se montrent plus conventionnels dans leurs choix lexicaux et normalisent davantage que les auteurs ; ceux-ci, au contraire, semblent plus enclins à accepter des interférences avec l’anglais, soit la langue véhiculaire dans le monde de l’informatique. L’article se termine par une discussion sur les implications de ces résultats au niveau méthodologique, descriptif/théorique et appliqué.
Mots-clés :
- universels de la traduction,
- normalisation,
- interférence,
- traduction technique,
- anglicismes
Appendices
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