Abstracts
Résumé
Si la littérature académique sur la transformation digitale des entreprises s’est largement développée ces dernières années, les auteurs se sont, pour la plupart, concentrés sur les grandes entreprises sans prendre en compte la recherche sur les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME). Pourtant, celles-ci, d’après le ministère de l’Économie, représentent 24 % de la valeur ajoutée de l’ensemble des entreprises françaises et disposent d’une marge de progression importante en termes de digitalisation. De plus, les outils digitaux semblent intervenir dans la performance des PME. Ces dernières méritent d’être analysées spécifiquement afin que soient pris en compte leurs particularités et leurs enjeux propres, par exemple, leur manque de moyens financiers et humains. Nous nous interrogeons sur l’existence d’une communauté de recherche structurée autour de la transformation digitale et de la performance des PME. Une étude bibliométrique (ACC, analyse de cocitations ; ACB, analyse de couplage bibliographique), partant de la littérature traitant conjointement de la transformation digitale et de la performance des PME, a été menée. Elle poursuit trois objectifs principaux : comprendre comment et sur quelles bases s’est construite la littérature académique sur le sujet, structurer la recherche existante en identifiant ses apports, mais aussi ses limites et enfin, faire ressortir des voies de recherches futures.
Mots-clés :
- Transformation digitale,
- PME,
- Performance,
- Analyse bibliométrique,
- Analyse de cocitation,
- Couplage bibliographique
Abstract
While the academic literature on the digital transformation of companies has grown considerably in recent years, most authors have focused on large companies without taking into account research on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, according to the French Ministry of the Economy, SMEs account for 24% of the added value of all French companies and have significant room for improvement in terms of digitalization. Moreover, digital tools seem to play a role in the performance of SMEs. The latter deserve to be analyzed specifically so that their particularities and their own challenges are taken into account, for example, their lack of financial and human resources. We question the existence of a structured research community around digital transformation and SME performance. A bibliometric study (CCA, cocitation analysis; CBA, bibliographic coupling analysis), based on the literature dealing jointly with digital transformation and SME performance, has been conducted. It has three main objectives: to understand how and on what basis the academic literature on the subject was built, to structure the existing research by identifying its contributions but also its limitations and finally, to highlight future research avenues.
Keywords:
- Digital transformation,
- SMEs,
- Performance,
- Bibliometric analysis,
- Co-citation analysis,
- Bibliographic coupling
Resumen
Aunque la literatura académica sobre la transformación digital de las empresas se ha desarrollado considerablemente en los últimos años, la mayoría de los autores se han centrado en las grandes empresas sin tener en cuenta la investigación sobre las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PyME). Sin embargo, según el Ministerio de Economía, las PyME representan el 24% del valor añadido de todas las empresas francesas y tienen un margen de mejora considerable en términos de digitalización. Además, las herramientas digitales parecen desempeñar un papel en el rendimiento de las PyME. Estas últimas merecen un análisis específico para tener en cuenta sus particularidades y sus propios retos, por ejemplo, su falta de recursos financieros y humanos. Cuestionamos la existencia de una comunidad de investigación estructurada en torno a la transformación digital y el rendimiento de las PyME. Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio bibliométrico (ACC, Análisis de cocitación; AAB, Análisis de Acoplamiento Bibliográfico), basado en la literatura que trata conjuntamente la transformación digital y el rendimiento de las PyME. Tiene tres objetivos principales : comprender cómo y sobre qué base se ha construido la literatura académica sobre el tema, estructurar la investigación existente identificando sus contribuciones pero también sus limitaciones y, por último, destacar las vías para futuras investigaciones.
Palabras clave:
- Transformación digital,
- PyME,
- Desempeño,
- Análisis bibliométrico,
- Análisis de cocitación,
- Acoplamiento bibliográfico
Appendices
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