Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article présente quelques-unes des principales caractéristiques des stratégies technologiques des PME. Il considère deux influences majeures sur ces stratégies: les relations avec les grandes entreprises - incluant les antécédents de la firme, la propriété, de même que l’incertitude et le conservatisme stratégique de la grande entreprise - ainsi que le rôle des politiques des pouvoirs publics. Enfin, suit une discussion sur un certaine nombre de politiques des pouvoirs publics ayant une influence sur les stratégies technologiques des PME.
Mots-clés :
- PME,
- Stratégies technologiques,
- Politiques des pouvoirs publics
Abstract
This paper examines some of the major characteristics of technology strategies in SMEs. It considers two major influences on these strategies: relationships with large firms - including company antecedents, ownership, and large firm strategic uncertainty and conservatism - and the role of public policy. A number of public policies which influence technology strategies in SMEs are discussed.
Resumen
Este artículo examina algunas caracteríticas principales de las estrategias technológicas de la PyME (pequeñas y medianas empresas). El autor considera dos influencias majores sobre estas estrategias: las relatiónes con las grandes empresas - incluyendo los antecedentes de la firma, la propriedad, así mismo que la incertitud y el conservadorismo estratégico de la grande empresa - así que el rol de las políticas de los poderes públicos. Finalmente, continua una discusión sobre un cierto número de las políticas de los poderes públicos que tienen una influencia sobre las estrategias technológicas de las PyME.
Appendices
Bibliographie
- ACS, Z. et D. AUDRETSCH (1990), Innovation and Small Firms, Cambridge, MIT Press.
- ANSOFF, I. (1965), Corporate Strategy, Harmondsworth, Penguin.
- BARBER, J., J. METCALFE et M. PORTEOUS (1989), Barriers to Growth in Small Firms, Londres, Routledge.
- BiRLEY, S. (1982), «Corporate strategy in the small firm», Journal of General Management, vol. 8, n° 2, p. 82-86.
- CALORI, R. (1990), «Effective strategies in emerging industries» dans R. Loveridge et M. Pitt, The Strategic Management of Technological Innovation, Chichester, Wiley.
- COOKE, P. et K. MORGAN (1992), « The intelligent region: industrial and institutional innovation in Emilia-Romagana», Regional Industrial Report n° 7, Université de Cardiff.
- DODGSON, M. (1990), «Technology strategy in small and medium-size firms» dans Z. Acs et D. Audretsch (dir.), The Economies of Small Firms, Berlin, Kluwer.
- DODGSON, M. (1991a), The Management of Technological Learning: Lessons from a Biotechnology Company, Berlin, De Gruyter.
- DODGSON, M. (1991b), «Technological learning, technology strategy and competitive pressures», British Journal of Management, vol. 2, n° 3, p. 133-150.
- DODGSON, M. (1991c), «Strategic alignment and organizational options in biotechnology firms», Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, vol. 3, n°2, p. 115-126.
- DODGSON, M. (1993a), Technological Collaboration in Industry, Londres, Routledge.
- DODGSON, M. (1993b), « Strategies for accumulating technology in high technology small firms; a learning approach », International Journal of Technology Management, vol. 8, nos 5-6.
- DODGSON, M. et R. ROTHWELL (1989), «Technolgy strategy in small and medium-sized firms» dans M. Dodgson (dir.) Technology Strategy and the Firm, Harlow, Longman.
- DODGSON, M. et R. ROTHWELL (1991), «Technology strategy in small firms», Journal of General Management, vol. 17, n° 1, p. 45-55.
- DODGSON, M. et R. ROTHWELL (1993), «Small firms and innovations: the external influences» International Journal of Technology Management, novembre (édition spéciale).
- DODGSON, M. et J. BESSANT (1994), Effective Innovation Policies, Londres, Routledge.
- DUSSAUGE, P., S. HART et B. RAMANANTSOA (1992), Strategic Technology Management, Chichester, Wiley.
- FLECK, V. et E. GARNSEY (1988), «Managing growth at acorn computers», Journal of General Management, vol. 3, n° 3, p. 4-23.
- GARNSEY, E. et J. ROBERTS (1992), «Clashes of technology and culture: enterprise acquisition and the integration of new ventures » dans J. Marceau, Reworking the World, Berlin, De Gruyter.
- GRANSTRAND, O., L. HAKANSSON et S. SJOLANDER (1992), Technology Management and International Business, Chichester, Wiley.
- HOBDAY, M. (1994), «Innovation in semiconductor technology: the limits of the Silicon Valley network model» dans M. Dodgson et R. Rothwell (dir.), The Handbook of Industrial Innovation, Cheltenham, Edward Elgar.
- LOVERIDGE, R. et M. PlTT (1990), The Strategic Management of Technological Innovation, Chichester, Wiley.
- MEYER, C. (1993), Fast Cycle Time: How to Align Purpose, Strategy and Structure for Speed, New York, Free Press.
- MINTZBERG, H. (1987), «Crafting strategy», Harvard Business Review, vol. 65, n° 4, p. 66-75.
- PAVITT, K. (1988), «The uses and abuses of patent statistics» dans A. van Raan, Handbook of Quantitative Studies of Sciences and Technology, Amsterdam, Elsevier.
- ROBERTS, E. (1991), Entrepreneurs in High Technology, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
- ROTHWELL, R. (1993), «Innovation and firm size; a case of dynamic complementarity », Journal of General Management, vol. 8, n° 3.
- SAKO, M. (1992), Prices, Quality and Trust: Inter-firm Relations in Britain and Japan, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
- SAXENIAN, A. (1990), «Regional networks and the resurgence of Silicon Valley», California Management Review, automne, p. 89-112.
- SMALL BUSINESS RESEARCH CENTRE (1992), The State of British Enterprise, Cambridge, Cambridge University.
- TEECE, D. (1987), The Competitive Challenge: Strategies for Industrial Innovation and Renewal, Cambridge, Mass., Ballinger.
- TEITELMAN (1989), Gene Dreams: Wall Street, Academia and the Rise of Biotechnology, New York, Basic Books.
- ZANGWILL, W. (1993), Lightning Strategies for Innovation, New York, Lexington Books.