Abstracts
Résumé
Cette recherche vise à décrire le nombre et la distribution géographique des enfants blessés par un véhicule à moteur en milieu urbain, ainsi que l’association avec des facteurs environnementaux reconnus. Elle porte sur 6775 enfants (5 à 17 ans) blessés sur le réseau routier montréalais de 1999 à 2008. Les analyses descriptives démontrent que, dans les arrondissements et municipalités les plus pauvres comme dans les plus riches, environ la moitié des enfants blessés aux intersections l’ont été à des sites ayant un volume de circulation très élevé ou sur une route majeure (artère). Le nombre moyen de jeunes piétons blessés est 39 fois plus élevé aux intersections ayant de forts volumes de circulation automobile (5e quintile) qu’à celles situées dans le 1er quintile. Des régressions locales pondérées illustrent la variation de l’effet du volume de circulation dans trois arrondissements centraux ayant une densité d’enfants élevée et relativement similaire.
Mots clés:
- Blessures,
- piétons,
- cyclistes,
- enfants,
- sécurité routière,
- santé publique
Abstract
This research analyzes the number and geographic distribution of children injured by motor vehicles in urban settings as well as the association with recognized environmental factors such as traffic volume and street geometry. The sample includes 6,775 children (5 to 17 years old) injured on the Montreal road network between 1999 and 2008. Results show that, in both the poorest and the wealthiest neighbourhoods, about half of the children were injured at intersections with high traffic volume or on major arterial roads. The mean number of young pedestrians injured was 39 times greater at intersections with high traffic volume (5th quintile) compared to intersections within the 1st quintile. Locally weighted least square regression analyses show variations in the effect of traffic volume across central boroughs with a similar number of children per square kilometer.
Keywords:
- Injuries,
- pedestrians,
- cyclists,
- children,
- road safety,
- public health
Resumen
Esta investigación presenta la cuantidad y la distribución geográfica de los niños heridos por un vehículo motorizado en medio urbano y su asociación con factores ambientales conocidos. La investigación se realizó sobre un total de 6 775 niños (de 5 a 17 años de edad) heridos en la red de carreteras de la ciudad de Montreal, entre los años 1999 y 2008. Los análisis descriptivos muestran que, dentro los distritos y las municipalidades más pobres como más ricas, cerca de la mitad del total de niños heridos en las esquinas lo fueron en lugares de circulación densa o en rutas importantes. El valor medio de peatones menores heridos es 39 veces más alto en las esquinas con mayor volumen de circulación automóvil (5a quintilla) que en las situadas en la 1ra quintilla. Las regresiones locales ponderadas ilustran la variación del efecto del volumen de circulación en tres distritos centrales similares con una elevada densidad de niños.
Palabras claves:
- Heridas,
- peatones,
- ciclistas,
- niños,
- seguridad vial,
- salud pública
Appendices
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