Abstracts
Abstract
Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence are actively revolutionizing the healthcare industry. While there is widespread concern that these advances will displace human practitioners within the healthcare sector, there are several tasks – including original and nuanced ethical decision making – that they cannot replace. Further, the implementation of artificial intelligence in clinical practice can be anticipated to drive the production of novel ethical tensions surrounding its use, even while eliminating some of the technical tasks which currently compete with ethical deliberation for clinicians’ limited time. A new argument therefore arises to suggest that although these disruptive technologies will change the face of medicine, they may also foster a revival of several fundamental components inherent to the role of healthcare professionals, chiefly, the principal activities of moral philosophy. Accordingly, “machine medicine” presents a vital opportunity to reinvigorate the field of bioethics, rather than withdraw from it.
Keywords:
- artificial intelligence,
- machine learning,
- emerging technologies,
- bioethics,
- ethical principles,
- traditional roles,
- healthcare
Résumé
Les technologies émergentes telles que l’intelligence artificielle révolutionnent activement le secteur des soins de santé. Si l’on craint généralement que ces progrès ne remplacent les praticiens humains dans l’ensemble du secteur des soins de santé, il existe plusieurs tâches – dont la prise de décisions éthiques originales et nuancées – qu’ils ne peuvent remplacer. En outre, la mise en oeuvre de l’intelligence artificielle dans la pratique clinique devrait susciter de nouvelles tensions éthiques autour de son utilisation, même si elle élimine certaines des tâches techniques qui sont actuellement en concurrence avec la considération éthique concernant le temps limité des cliniciens. Un nouvel argument émerge donc pour suggérer que si ces technologies perturbatrices vont changer le visage de la médecine, elles peuvent aussi favoriser un renouveau de plusieurs composantes fondamentales inhérentes au rôle des professionnels de la santé, notamment, les principales activités de la philosophie morale. Par conséquent, la « médecine des machines » offre donc une opportunité vitale de revigorer le domaine de la bioéthique, plutôt que de s’en retirer.
Mots-clés :
- intelligence artificielle,
- apprentissage automatique,
- technologies émergentes,
- bioéthique,
- principes éthiques,
- rôles traditionnels,
- soins de santé
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Appendices
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