Abstracts
Résumé
Le syndrome des ovaires polykystiques (SOPK) est un trouble endocrinien répandu qui affecte environ 10% des femmes en âge de procréer. Bien qu’il soit principalement connu pour ses effets sur la fertilité, le SOPK est considéré comme un facteur de risque pouvant mener au diabète de type 2. Il est également associé à des conditions comme les cancers hormono-dépendants, les troubles psychiatriques ou encore les maladies cardio-vasculaires. La volonté de prévenir les conditions associées pourrait pousser à une plus grande médicalisation des femmes atteintes par le SOPK, notamment par d’éventuels dépistages. Cet article examine les facteurs potentiels pouvant contribuer à la médicalisation de ces femmes et la manière dont leur autonomie pourrait être affectée par ce phénomène. Entre autres, l’article met en évidence comment la médicalisation façonne des représentations collectives et individuelles par rapport aux notions de santé, de maladie et de traitement. Dans une perspective relationnelle de l’autonomie, il attire l’attention sur l’importance de reconnaitre comment la médicalisation influence ces représentations et l’impact potentiel que cela pourrait avoir sur les femmes. Encourager la démédicalisation du SOPK par une approche visant à soutenir la santé pousse à interroger ces représentations et fait partie des pistes de solution permettant de favoriser l’autonomie des femmes affectées par le SOPK. Il devient alors possible non seulement de contrôler la maladie, mais aussi de soutenir la santé, voire de faire les deux selon la situation individuelle.
Mots-clés :
- syndrome des ovaires polykystiques,
- autonomie,
- médicalisation,
- démédicalisation,
- représentations santé/maladie
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects approximately 10% of women of childbearing age. Although it is primarily known for its effects on fertility, PCOS is considered a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. It is also associated with conditions such as hormone-dependent cancers, psychiatric disorders and cardiovascular disease. The desire to prevent associated conditions may lead to greater medicalization of women with PCOS, including possible screening. This article examines the potential factors that may contribute to the medicalization of these women and how their autonomy may be affected by this phenomenon. Among other things, the article highlights how medicalization shapes collective and individual representations of health, illness and its treatment. From a relational perspective of autonomy, it draws attention to the importance of recognizing how medicalization influences these representations and the potential impact this may have on women. Encouraging the demedicalization of PCOS through a supportive health approach challenges these representations and is part of the solution to empower women with PCOS. It then becomes possible not only to control the disease, but also to support health, or even to do both depending on the individual situation.
Keywords:
- polycystic ovary syndrome,
- autonomy,
- medicalization,
- demedicalization,
- health/illness representations
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Appendices
Remerciements / Acknowledgements
L’auteure remercie Vardit Ravitsky et Elena Doudenkova pour leurs commentaires et relecture du manuscrit. Victoria Doudenkova a bénéficié d’une bourse des programmes de Sciences biomédicales et d’une bourse de fin d’études doctorales de la Faculté des Études Supérieures et Postdoctorales durant l’écriture de cet article.
The author thanks Vardit Ravitsky and Elena Doudenkova for their comments and review of the manuscript. Victoria Doudenkova was supported by a Biomedical Sciences Program Fellowship and a Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship from the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies while writing this article.
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